Does it even exist? It could be I have evidence.
A few months ago I saw a spike in traffic to a site of mine.
This site has real-time visitor stats available including the IP origin of all visitors on the site. It’s easy to lookup the IP and see where the traffic originated. When I did this I discovered that the traffic was coming from Google Inc. At one point over a few days I had 20 visitors together on the site all from Google HQ.
This continued over a few weeks, although the number on site from Google simultaneously never matched the 20 again, I witnessed a steady hit rate throughout each day, some days reaching 10 or so Google HQ visitors at one time. But mostly they would pop up in 2′s and 3′s.
I still get these visitors… checking the site now and there is at least one Google employee on the site, there may be more. I recognize this one IP at least without checking.
It became obvious that my site was being watched and monitored by Google staff. I said hello via the sites broadcast system once or twice just for the fun of it.
Anyway, again a few months ago a trend began which involved placing images near your Adsense ads to catch the visitors’ eye, in the hope that they would then read the ads nearby and click through. I believe I was one of the first to have these images up and running and this could be what got me spotted by Google.
The result of all this was two fold.
First of all, Google has been doing some serious ‘messing’ with the display format of my ads. With a few Adsense blocks on a page I find more often than not many are disabled in favor of the leaderboard only across the top of the pages. But then much of the time the leaderboard will display just 1 or 2 Adsense ads rather than the usual 4.
This is fine; they’re optimizing my ads for better CTR(Click Through Rate), great. But that’s not all they’re doing, they’re tweaking the display of my ads in an annoying way. Every single Adsense ad has a thin black border around it. This is not configurable in the code at my end but something that Google have added at their end.
This wouldn’t be so bad but for the Adsense ads that they don’t display still having this thin black border. Essentially I finish up with pages that have big black squares or rectangles of empty space where the Adsense ads should be. Which is obviously not good for the look of the site especially if this is on an empty square ad in the middle of the page copy?
I’ve been watching this happen now for around 6 weeks.
The other, much better, upshot of all this is that following the Jagger update Google have really got their teeth into this site and started to throw lots of traffic at it from across their world network. I see visitors from Google searches in India, Norway, Germany, Auz, Arabia etc. Which is great? The monitoring has definitely had a positive effect.
My conclusion is that I popped up on the Google radar; they monitored me, and continue to, but decided that the site wasn’t breaking any TOS and more importantly it wasn’t a spam site.
I hope to see them drop those black borders soon, surely it can’t be helping the CTR on the Adsense?
Veteran blogger Rob Benwell has come up with a treasure box for bloggers in the form of the latest blogging eBook called Blogging to the Bank 2. This book is a must for every blogger who wants to be successful in the thing he/she loves the most- blogging. Blogging, a tool which started as a tool of venting out joy and sorrow, has now become a potent instrument to making huge amounts of money. Go to Piles of money to earn money through various online advertising programs or they can also serve as a method to create more traffic and market products. Most of the people who are into blogging are at various levels of learning this beautiful subject, and Rob Benwell who is one of the best exponents of this field has given his inputs in the book Blogging 2.0, which are vital for your blogging needs.
Blogging is an ever-changing dynamic concept and the Blogging to the Bank which Rob introduced in 2006 began to look obsolete in 2007. This is the reason in a bid to move with fast changing times, and to make sure all bloggers are updated well with information; Blogging to the Bank 2.0 is launched.
People who have already read Blogging to the Bank are by now familiar to Rob’s lucid, concrete but concise steps on how to excel in blogging and would have no problem transitioning to Blogging to the Bank 2.0. For those who are new to this, Blogging to the Bank 2.0 can be a real asset to your blogging skills. You will be surprised to see that there is still so much more to learn in the blogging world. Blogging to the Bank 2.0 suits everyone from a newbie to an expert blogger.
Blogging 2 0 teaches you how to write better targeted posts, how to drive traffic to your blog, how to get repeated flow of traffic day after day, how to get off the bounce rate and how to make sure that you get increasing click through rates on your blog. The eBook is much more valuable than its humble price tag. For every blogger worth his or her salt who wants residual income for years on end, Blogging to the Bank 2.0 is a recommended buy
I had a chance to purchase the product for myself.
One of my disappointments was that the Black Hat technique was no longer available and I also found that there was an overwhelming amount of information in the book to go over. So if you get frustrated with processing too much information all at once, you may have to read this book more than once. However, there were some unique tips that I did not know about that could be implemented and put to work right away. I also loved the five bonuses that came with the book. Those were extra special and very invaluable.
If you want to really know the ins and outs of how to make money with your blog or blogs, Blogging to the bank is a definite “must-have.” I would highly recommend that go to Blogging to the Bank to grab it now at Piles of money.
The economy is really getting to most people now. This is not an American problem anymore. It is affecting the entire world.
Yesterday, Lehman Brothers closed their doors and as I watched the news, I saw executives with boxes of personal stuff coming through the doors for the last time. Some say, when interviewed, that they did not see this coming.
Once the housing market started going down, it was a certainty that this too would follow. So people are frantically looking for a means to replace their income and the Internet is the driving force. But what do you do when you have relied on a weekly income by a company to now rely on something so much more uncertain.
If you are new to the Internet, you will have to know that there are Internet Marketers that have already secured their place in the market. However, that does not mean that you cannot find your own niche. In fact, that is how you will be successful online and finding your own niche is the key.
Your next step is to become an affiliate, which means that you are going to sell somebody else’s product. You have no time to create your own especially if you are at the point of desperation.
However, there are 5 simple questions that you must ask yourself before you begin to tread on this holy ground:
1. What kind of value does the product have?
You want to sell a product that you can put your reputation on. You don’t want to sell something that you cannot stand on. So do your research and find out if the product owner has a valid refund policy and how many average monthly refunds have been received.
2. Is this an automated program?
You want to be involved with an affiliate program that you don’t have to provide any type of customer support. You also want to have good marketing resources from the product owner. You want to market a digital product that customers can easily download upon purchase. You want to get paid automatically and be rewarded for the sales that you make.
3. Is it possible to earn residual income?
I do market other programs that are not residual, but I find that these are only one time purchases. You may not see that customer again. However, residual income, which is also called passive income, is better because once you get that customer and the customer is satisfied with the product or service, this will be your customer for as long as they stay subscribed and you get commissions from what they pay monthly over and over again. It is quite similar to an insurance salesman. Once he or she sells that policy, they gain residual income for the lifetime of the customer. The Internet also has affiliate programs with residual income opportunities.
Life Time Commissions is an affiliate directory that lists a variety of different residual income. You can search for the name online.
4. Is the product something that I would enjoy selling or believe in?
If you have knowledge about something, you are more apt to want to present it to someone. It is like watching a movie and loving the movie so much that you tell everyone you know about the movie and you are not even getting paid to do that. Can you imagine getting the word out for something that you really enjoy or like? This is how you should choose your affiliate product because it will make you want to stay committed and focused in your marketing efforts.
5. Is there any assistance or support provided?
A lot of affiliate product owners do not provide email support, but they provide a log in website that you can go to find marketing materials as well as post a support ticket with any questions or comments. Not all of them do this. So if you are the kind of person that wants to be hand-held, you may want to look into other means of support such as specific niche forums. You can actually go to forums and post your questions and there are always people who are willing to answer them. You will also learn a lot from the forum and get great marketing tips and advice in your online business.
So if you are a newbie affiliate and want to enter the Internet marketplace for the first time, you don’t have to be afraid. There are a lot of willing marketers that want to give back because they have been where you are at right now. The search engine is a good tool for you to search for whatever you need. Explore the horizons of the Internet. It may be that the door that was just closed end up to be a blessing. Sometimes, we get too comfortable in our JOBS and doors have to be closed for us to take chances and grab other opportunities for growth. This might be one of them.
If you would like more information about how to become a successful Affiliate Marketer, Download the Newbie Affiliate Earning Guide here at Affiliate Earnings.
98 percent of affiliate marketers are bad at their jobs. The reason I make this outrageous claim is that there is so much to exploit and earn from affiliate opportunities. Whatever much or little you earn presently is one tenth of what you can possible earn.
The two percent who are amazingly super-successful have profited from the best affiliate marketing opportunity on the internet, which is also called Commission Blueprint.
Commission Blueprint initiated by Steve Clayton and Tim Godfrey is a revolutionary product in affiliate marketing. Time and Steve who have raked in commissions close to $500,000 from Clickbank have definitely done something truly outstanding in their work. Now they plan to share their expertise with people so that others could benefit as well. Commission Blueprint has 14 impressive videos and three books which show you how to master the top earning affiliate program, Clickbank.
Steve and Tim reveal that PPC or Pay Per Click is not as dreaded as it seems to be, and can be effectively utilized to generate huge amounts of money. A lot of misconceptions about PPC are cleared and the things that people generally do wrong with PPC and Clickbank are outlined. You will be amazed at the sharp techniques both Steve and Tim have used to make money from affiliate programs.
Even more pleasurable is the fact that they have decided to lay bare the secrets of what it takes to be a successful affiliate through their program Commission Blueprint.
Some of the things that are a part of the Commission Blueprint program at Latest Way to Make Money is introduction to Google Adwords and Clickbank, how to create and manage bids, how to run an Adwords campaign, how to make an effective landing page and how to run a successful affiliate marketing program on the internet. The Commission Blueprint program has informative material laid out in great detail and steers off useless information.
The opt-in page template known to be crucial in affiliate marketing has a professional appeal. It is quite easy to earn handsome amount of money provided you follow a successful, proven system. Commission Blueprint is the right affiliate marketing tool to make full use of, if you want to make amazing amount of money through Clickbank.
If you want to increase your affiliate earning, then I highly recommend Commission Blueprint to anyone who is tired and frustrated with information overload with no results. Go to Latest Way to Make Money NOW.
The more you understand about any subject, the more interesting it becomes. As you read this article you’ll find that the subject of Top Paying Adsense Keywords is certainly no exception.
There’s tons of money to be made from the Google Adsense program for web masters and blog owners. That’s why “the vultures are circling” and folks are getting sucked in with all sorts of offers that promise instant high Adsense revenue. One of the top-selling products these days are those lists with the highest-paying Google Adsense keywords. Many people are desperately searching out for these lists and many will not hesitate to pay for them, especially because there are some keywords that are reputed to be capable of earning $100 per click.
I’m not saying all the lists are bad? In fact a good number of them are genuine and are created by high earning Adsense webmasters looking to maximize on their profits and to get something back from their time-consuming valuable keywords research efforts. Nothing wrong with that, in fact it makes perfect business sense. Except that you don’t really need those lists, there is a better proven way to increase your Adsense earnings.
The Adsense Secret Is All About Finding A Niche
The most important Adsense secret you will discover is that to make money and be successful, all you need to do is to stick to the basic rules for success in online marketing. The basics are that you need to find a niche that is not so competitive and one which you can contribute something special to based on your past experience, knowledge and skills. Everything else will then fall into place after this. Virtually every subject and topic you can think of will have relevant and valuable keywords.
This is in sharp contrast to the approach being encouraged by list-sellers. Which is to start by finding high-paying valuable keywords and then creating sites or blogs based on them. To start with Google do not like the idea because one of their rules is that you should not create a site or blog for the sole purpose of making money from Adsense. Of course it is easy to get round this one by quickly creating some products around your site and you really don’t need to care whether they sell or not, but who are you fooling?
The World Wide Web is increasingly busy and increasingly competitive and what this means is that niches are becoming increasingly vital and critical to online success.
Most of this information comes straight from the Top Paying Adsense Keywords pros. Careful reading to the end virtually guarantees that you’ll know what they know.
You Will Earn More From Adsense With Multiple Sites/Blogs
Once you’ve found your niche, you can create a number of different sites narrowing your niche even further in different directions. I’ve used this strategy very successfully and I find that I am constantly coming up with new ideas for new sites without leaving my area of expertise. Of course I create relevant links between my different sites so as to maximize on the traffic that I receive. The important word here is “relevant”. There is nothing that puts off folks more than clicking on a link only to find that it is barely relevant to the information they are seeking. You’re wasting their time and they will not appreciate it. Better not to link at all in the first place.
What some high-earning Adsense folks have done is to create numerous blogs (some up to 50 and even more.) This strategy makes sense because the more pages you have with Adsense ads on them, the higher the chances of somebody clicking on some of the ads and therefore the higher your potential income. What I can’t imagine is how they manage to keep all the different blogs fed with quality content. I once tried this strategy with just one or two sites and it was very exhausting getting content for sites outside my area of expertise. There are increasing reports of incidents of pirated online content and I guess you now understand part of the reason why.
When you stick to one subject, keeping all your blogs fed with content becomes a breeze. You simply take one idea and modify it or slant it differently for the different sites. Even more important, it is easy to use the same valuable Adsense keywords for all the sites as you discover them.
A Free Tool To Help You Find Valuable Adsense Keywords
Here is a valuable tool that I use myself to constantly research valuable Adsense keywords. While you do not need those valuable Adsense keywords lists, you need to constantly research valuable Adsense keywords for yourself. Top Adsense earners spend a vast majority of their time doing this. You need to do the same if you want to be earn a serious income from the Adsense program.
I hope that reading the above information was both enjoyable and educational for you. Your learning process should be ongoing–the more you understand about any subject, the more you will be able to share with others.
Google’s AdSense offers the playing field also for home business companies to earn money through related advertising. Let’s take a closer look at the AdSense program and explore how you may use it on your site. Google Adsense – what is it? The interesting feature of AdSense is the minimum amount of time it takes to insert advertising on your site. It allows you to earn advertising revenue from each page of the site. Related ads based on the site’s content are distributed to a site as text or images. You can take it a step further by adding a Google search field to deliver related ads based upon search criteria. It is an extremely flexible and easy-to-use solution that allows you to incorporate ads on your site, and it is very easy to get started with the program. How to get started? It is easy to join and get running with AdSense through an online application. During the sign up process, you specify a business or personal account. Google defines a personal account for personal users, as well as businesses with less than 20 employees. The online application is submitted with approval notification sent via e-mail. In the initial sign up process, you must agree with policies which say what is permitted in the program. An interesting feature is that ads are not placed on pages without content, which is a common practice these days. Also, you must agree to the following guidelines in the application: • I agree that I will not click on the Google ads I’m serving through AdSense. • I will not place ads on sites that include incentives to click on ads. • I agree that I can receive checks made out to the payee name I have listed above. • I will not place ads on sites that include pornographic content. • I certify that I have read the AdSense Program Policies. The most interesting thing of the AdSense program is that a home business owner get paid ( CPC ), so let’s learn how that works. Where is the beef? The Google ads which are displayed on your pages use two cost structures (for advertisers): cost-per-click (CPC) or cost- per-1,000-impressions (CPM). The AdSense program includes only CPC ads. This means that advertisers must pay either when consumer click on ads, or when the advertiser’s ad is shown on a page to a consumer. According this system, you will receive a part of the amount paid for either activity on your page. The minimum payment amount is $100. When you sign up, you’ll have access to online reports to track account activity. Put the process to work. When you have an AdSense account, you can log on the AdSense site and select the AdSense Setup tab. You may utilize an ad unit (an image- or text-based ad) or a link unit (a group of links to relevant topics). Concerning text or image ads, you can pick horizontal, vertical, or square orientation with various formats. In addition, you select the adcolor along with page placement and layout. Once you make your selections, Google will present you with the code for placing ads on your site. You can copy and paste the code in the appropriate location or locations within your site A quick look at the JavaScript reveals the height and width specifications for the ad along with color settings. It is possible to change the height and width settings, but the ads are designed for the generated settings so they may not be presented clearly if you make changes. The key component of the JavaScript is the google_ad_client variable; this specifies who gets paid for clicks on the ad. This your AdSense account`s ID. The second JavaScript block (show_ads.js) is the crux of the code; it loads the ad code from the Google server. Another interesting service in the program is AdSense for Search. It allows you to place a Google search field on your page that presents search results with Google ads, which may earn you money from user clicks. You may choose a regular Google search or a search of your site. Once again, the code for the search is generated within the AdSense management pages. After all this you just copy and paste of code and your page is realizing the income from advertising placement. While it is a simple service to utilize, it offers various options as well. Other options Along with easy ad and search placement on your pages, the AdSense program provides some control over what is placed on your site. For instance, you can ensure competitor ads don’t appear and filters block certain ad types. You may also review ads as well as choose default ads for your site. Reports AdSense’s reporting feature is one of the program’s best features. It is easy to track what works and what doesn’t using the program on your site. The reports are too much to cover in detail, but once you sign up and begin using the program, you’ll appreciate their power. AdSense means site upgrading and less work. Developing banner ads or any other types of site advertisements can be time-consuming and the ads are not necessarily image raising.In addition, recruiting advertisers and handling payment options present problems. Google offers service important especially small companies with its AdSense program, which makes it easy to place ads and search options on your site with minimal effort. Collecting revenue from the program is simple as well, so everything is handled without much effort on your end.
98 percent of affiliate marketers are bad at their jobs. The reason I make this outrageous claim is that there is so much to exploit and earn from affiliate opportunities. Whatever much or little you earn presently is one tenth of what you can possible earn.
The two percent who are amazingly super-successful have profited from the best affiliate marketing opportunity on the internet, which is also called Commission Blueprint.
Commission Blueprint initiated by Steve Clayton and Tim Godfrey is a revolutionary product in affiliate marketing. Time and Steve who have raked in commissions close to $500,000 from Clickbank have definitely done something truly outstanding in their work. Now they plan to share their expertise with people so that others could benefit as well. Commission Blueprint has 14 impressive videos and three books which show you how to master the top earning affiliate program, Clickbank.
Steve and Tim reveal that PPC or Pay Per Click is not as dreaded as it seems to be, and can be effectively utilized to generate huge amounts of money. A lot of misconceptions about PPC are cleared and the things that people generally do wrong with PPC and Clickbank are outlined. You will be amazed at the sharp techniques both Steve and Tim have used to make money from affiliate programs.
Even more pleasurable is the fact that they have decided to lay bare the secrets of what it takes to be a successful affiliate through their program Commission Blueprint.
Some of the things that are a part of the Commission Blueprint program at Earn or Make Online Money is introduction to Google Adwords and Clickbank, how to create and manage bids, how to run an Adwords campaign, how to make an effective landing page and how to run a successful affiliate marketing program on the internet. The Commission Blueprint program has informative material laid out in great detail and steers off useless information.
The opt-in page template known to be crucial in affiliate marketing has a professional appeal. It is quite easy to earn handsome amount of money provided you follow a successful, proven system. Commission Blueprint is the right affiliate marketing tool to make full use of, if you want to make amazing amount of money through Clickbank.
If you want to increase your affiliate earning, then I highly recommend Commission Blueprint to anyone who is tired and frustrated with information overload with no results. Go to Earn or Make Online Money NOW.
Usability-wise, a blog may not differ that much from a website. However, due to the ease of use of a blog and since it’s also relatively easier to customize with all the ready templates, altering stuff to make it more helpful to visitors is also a lot less-taxing compared to a website that requires design skills and copywriting skills.
However, there are still some usability issues that bloggers need to address to be more effective in the field of blogging such as: hyper linking without the proper or identifying anchor links, not including an author’s biography page or a well-stated “About Us/Me” page, not-so-great posts and post titles, no author photo, great posts buried, etc. If one wishes to become a well known or as a credible figure in the field he or she is blogging about, those aspects of an excellent blog need to be given proper attention. Setting up AdSense on your Blog is a breeze, and you can complete the whole process in less then an hour. Free $97 Adsense Secret Ebook on Adsense Tips here.
A website versus a blog in terms of author-reader interaction. Blogs have this commentary feature where readers can leave a comment to any post they want to react to. The author of the blog can easily interact by also leaving a comment that’s directed the commenter. With that feature, a blog offers more for the author-reader dialog compared to a website. However, a website usually has a “Contact Us” page where an electronic mail can be sent to the webmaster or department concerned. How can you find high paying keywords for your Blog? Free $97 Secret Adsense Book at http://www.honestreview.info/adsense/index.html
In conclusion, if you will be offering information that does not require regular updating, a website may just serve you well. But if you want more interaction going on and frequent updates without going over the fuss of HTML mess, a blog will work it out for you. But did you know that these two could also go hand in hand? Just do your homework and it will be an easy feat to work with either of these two applications.
Is it really worth placing an AdSense banner on your blog? Get your Free $97 Adsense Secret Ebook on Adsense Tips today.
What are the percentages of people earning on Adsense Blogs? And how much do they earn? Get your special $97 report on Adsense Tips and Tricks!
Veteran blogger Rob Benwell has come up with a treasure box for bloggers in the form of the latest blogging eBook called Blogging to the Bank 2. This book is a must for every blogger who wants to be successful in the thing he/she loves the most- blogging. Blogging, a tool which started as a tool of venting out joy and sorrow, has now become a potent instrument to making huge amounts of money. Go to Affiliate earning program to earn money through various online advertising programs or they can also serve as a method to create more traffic and market products. Most of the people who are into blogging are at various levels of learning this beautiful subject, and Rob Benwell who is one of the best exponents of this field has given his inputs in the book Blogging 2.0, which are vital for your blogging needs.
Blogging is an ever-changing dynamic concept and the Blogging to the Bank which Rob introduced in 2006 began to look obsolete in 2007. This is the reason in a bid to move with fast changing times, and to make sure all bloggers are updated well with information; Blogging to the Bank 2.0 is launched.
People who have already read Blogging to the Bank are by now familiar to Rob’s lucid, concrete but concise steps on how to excel in blogging and would have no problem transitioning to Blogging to the Bank 2.0. For those who are new to this, Blogging to the Bank 2.0 can be a real asset to your blogging skills. You will be surprised to see that there is still so much more to learn in the blogging world. Blogging to the Bank 2.0 suits everyone from a newbie to an expert blogger.
Blogging 2 0 teaches you how to write better targeted posts, how to drive traffic to your blog, how to get repeated flow of traffic day after day, how to get off the bounce rate and how to make sure that you get increasing click through rates on your blog. The eBook is much more valuable than its humble price tag. For every blogger worth his or her salt who wants residual income for years on end, Blogging to the Bank 2.0 is a recommended buy
I had a chance to purchase the product for myself.
One of my disappointments was that the Black Hat technique was no longer available and I also found that there was an overwhelming amount of information in the book to go over. So if you get frustrated with processing too much information all at once, you may have to read this book more than once. However, there were some unique tips that I did not know about that could be implemented and put to work right away. I also loved the five bonuses that came with the book. Those were extra special and very invaluable.
If you want to really know the ins and outs of how to make money with your blog or blogs, Blogging to the bank is a definite “must-have.” I would highly recommend that go to Blogging to the Bank to grab it now at Affiliate earning program.
You don’t have to be a techno-geek to use Google Adsense. In fact, you don’t need any more technical knowledge than you do to surf the web. Google Adsense is very user-friendly with a comprehensive support site to answer any question you might have.
You are first walked through the sign-up process where you are prompted for any and all information needed. You will then have a couple of days while you are waiting for your account to be approved. This would be a good time to familiarize yourself with the program policies, which of course you read before you signed up. But look again. Make sure the site you are registering doesn’t have any of the no-nose listed. For instance, some profanity is allowed, but nothing excessive. What is excessive? That could be a gray area, but if you’re in doubt, don’t register that site. There’s plenty of sites with little or no profanity.
Look at the support site while you are waiting on Google Adsense and see what other?s are saying and doing. Most of all, have fun. Your Google Adsense dollars are just waiting to be counted.
Does Google Adsense Offer Direct Deposit?
Google adsense offers various payment options for publishers.
Electronic Funds Transfer (ETF) is offered in 16 countries whereby your payments are deposited directly into your bank account in your local currency. Check Google Adsense support to see which countries participate in this option. You will need to sign up for this option after your application is approved by signing into your account. You then click the edit link adjacent to the payment header. After you fill out the bank information, Google Adsense will make a small test deposit into your account. This is for security purposes to assure the account is really your own.
Watch your account for the test deposit to post, usually within just a few days. After you have received the deposit from Google, log back in to your account and in the Payment Details section, click Verify Account. You then will need to enter the amount of the test deposit. If you do not complete this step, your payments will be on hold. Once you enter the test deposit amount correctly, your bank will be approved and selected as your form of payment.
Google Adsense: How to Explain the Google Adsense Program to Others
We?re not talking about strangers here. For the strangers that visit your site, your content will have to do all the talking for you. But for the people in your daily life, the ones you want to click on your referral button, the ones you want to read and comment on your blog; these are the ones you want to be able to enlighten about the Google Adsense program.
First, excitement breeds excitement. Get excited about your new venture and others will too. Learn everything you can about the Google Adsense program, not only will this increase your earnings, but you’ll be better equipped to explain the mechanics of the program to others.
Show them the money. There’s nothing like a little proof to make a believer out of someone. You don’t have to wait until you’re making thousands per month, although that’s a healthy goal. But even a small deposit in your piggy bank is enough to intrigue most people. Can’t you just count those referrals now?